Oracle创建外部表

写在前面的一些废话

今天帮一个朋友在Windows下面弄Oracle发现我居然不会弄了…[悲催],而且运行起来也比较卡…令:本站备案刚刚通过了.

SQL*Loader创建外部表

在当前目录保存以下内容[文件名:ldr_case1.ctl]:

可以使用下面的命令去生成相关文件:

执行之后就会有一个ldr_case1.log里面会有相关脚本.
external_table有三个参数:

1. NOT_USED:不使用外部表,默认值.
2. GENERATE_ONLY:SQLLDR并不执行加载,而是生成创建外部表的SQL和处理数据的SQL.并保存在log文件中.[修改后可再SQL*Plus中执行]
3. EXECUTE:首先创建外部表,然后通过外部表方式加载数据

执行上述命令之后,ldr_case1.log的内容如下[节选:创建DIRECTORY,创建TABLE部分]:

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CREATE DIRECTORY statements needed for files ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CREATE DIRECTORY SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000 AS '/home/oracle/Documents/oracle_product/external' CREATE TABLE statement for external table: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CREATE TABLE "SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_BONUS" (   "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10),   "JOB" VARCHAR2(9),   "SAL" NUMBER ) ORGANIZATION external (   TYPE oracle_loader   DEFAULT DIRECTORY SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000   ACCESS PARAMETERS   (     RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE CHARACTERSET US7ASCII     BADFILE 'SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000':'ldr_case1.bad'     LOGFILE 'ldr_case1.log_xt'     READSIZE 1048576     SKIP 6     FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," LDRTRIM     REJECT ROWS WITH ALL NULL FIELDS     (       "ENAME" CHAR(255)         TERMINATED BY ",",       "JOB" CHAR(255)         TERMINATED BY ",",       "SAL" CHAR(255)         TERMINATED BY ","     )   )   location   (     'ldr_case1.ctl'   ) )REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED INSERT statements used to load internal tables: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ INSERT /*+ append */ INTO BONUS (   ENAME,   JOB,   SAL ) SELECT   "ENAME",   "JOB",   "SAL" FROM "SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_BONUS" statements to cleanup objects created by previous statements: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ DROP TABLE "SYS_SQLLDR_X_EXT_BONUS" DROP DIRECTORY SYS_SQLLDR_XT_TMPDIR_00000




CREATE TABLE方式创建外部表

其实我最喜欢的是这种方式,至少目前是.

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//文件保存为:tes.ctl LOAD DATA INFILE * TRUNCATE INTO TABLE TES FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," (TNAME,TAGE,TINFO char(2000)) BEGINDATA 'tes',20,'dfsafsdafjklsdafdjksalkfjaslkfjkdsalfdjksalkfjsalfkdjsalkfdlsakfjklsd''sas',22,'dfsafsaewqioeuwoiqruewoiqruiejkfsadljfldksjakfldsaljkfjklasdfjksaldfsadsalfkjslkafjkdlsakjfdjlsafkjslkfjdslkafkjdsaf' 'fdsa',22,'fdsafsdafldsjaklfjsalkfksmncklmsa;djkl;sajfoiewfjsaljfdlskafjlksajflklksjaklfjdslajflksd' 'fdsasa',25,'dsafsadlkfjlkwejewioqfwiqfl;ksa;klfdslkafdlkjsajlkfdksjlajfkl;sa;jkfdsaldkjsal;fkskj'

别激动,往下看

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//文件保存为:tes.sql CONN  / AS SYSDBA; //连接到系统 STARTUP FORCE //如果数据库已经启动,此行将先关闭数据库,然后再次启动. CREATE DIRECTORY TES AS '/home/oracle/Documents/oracle_product/external/test/'; //必须是已经存在的目录,并且有可读写权限 GRANT READ,WRITE ON DIRECTORY TES TO SCOTT; //授权 -- CREATE TEST TABLE. CREATE TABLE TES(     TNAME VARCHAR2(10),     TAGE NUMBER,     TINFO VARCHAR2(2000) ) -- external table. ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL (     TYPE ORACLE_LOADER     DEFAULT DIRECTORY TES -- 加载数据     ACCESS PARAMETERS(         RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE         SKIP 6         FIELDS TERMINATED BY ","         (TNAME,TAGE,TINFO)     )         LOCATION('tes.ctl') -- end 加载数据 ); -- end 声明外部表 -- output table data. SELECT * FROM TES; -- delete table. DROP TABLE TES; -- delete directory. DROP DIRECTORY TES;

可以在进入SQL*Plus界面之后,直接执行

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@tes.sql

可以完成以下操作:–>启动数据库[已经启动的将先被关闭]–>创建外部表–>授权给SCOTT用户–>创建表–>导入数据–>使用SELECT输出表数据–>删除DIRECTORY对象–>删除创建的表.